Fire Detection (Alarm) Systems

Fire detection systems are one of the first and most important systems for the protection of buildings and industrial buildings against fire. Fire detection systems enable the fire personnel to intervene in the fire by means of detecting and detecting fire at the earliest level.

Fire Detection (Alarm) Systems

Classic (Conventional) Systems:

Conventional systems These systems, which work with the principle of fire zone separation, are connected to a pair of cables that are taken from the control panel to the fire zone. The detectors that connect in parallel to the fire alarm systems receive both the energy and the warning signal to the panel. The decision-makers in classical systems are detectors.
The detectors and / or buttons located in a certain area are connected in parallel to each other and connected to the control panel to transmit a single information.
Whichever of the detectors in this zone is alarmed, the control panel will receive a warning from the control panel. If there are 15-20 detectors in that zone, it is not possible to learn which detector comes from the alarm or alarm information, without going to that fire zone.
This approach may not be wrong at the first sight in terms of fire response. 20 When a fire warning signal is received from a wide area of the detector, it is sufficient for the fire brigade to reach that area.
When looking at the event in terms of failure, it is unfortunate to detect any disconnection in the line, which is time and energy loss.
Counting some of the drawbacks of classical systems helps us better understand the possibilities of addressable fire detection and warning systems. In conventional systems, cable is drawn from the center panel to each center line. This means a large number of cables that extend from the control panel to the environment.
Once the fire zones have been determined and the call lines have been established, renewals in these areas are possible with the changes in the installation. The signals from the various types of detectors and buttons that connect to the same line are indistinguishable from one another..
The detectors consist of a simple comparison electronically. A physical size is transformed into an electrical dimension and compared to a predetermined reference value. If this value exceeds the alarm limit 'Fire exists ...!' The signal is sent to the control panel.

Digital Addressable Systems:

In such systems, each detector has an identification code recognized by the panel. In this way, the exact location of the detector can be seen on the panel.
Depending on the brand and model in addressable systems, up to 128 detectors can be connected to each zone. Thanks to the one-to-one communication between the detectors and the panel, the line breaks and the detectors of the faults can be seen through the panel. The cost of the system is quite high compared to conventional systems.
The most basic features of digital addressable systems are as follows:
a) Independent signals from each of the multiple detectors connected to a pair of cables are received. Each of the detectors and buttons has an individual address.
b) Since the fire zones are completed by means of software, the detectors and buttons are connected to the loop line in the most appropriate way for the wiring, regardless of where they are located.
c) Since a large number of detectors are connected to the same pair of cables, the amount of cable is greatly saved.
d) It allows connection of input / output modules if information is required to be transmitted or received from fire detection and warning systems.
e) In digital addressable systems, the principle of the operation of the detectors is the same as in the conventional detectors. Digital addressable systems provide convenience only because of their addressable features. However, after detecting the smoke detectors, they could not provide solutions that could be considered as smart against the false alarms that caused the fire workers the most.

Fire Extinguishing Systems

Fire detection systems for buildings only have a warning effect
Considering the total security of the building, fire extinguishing systems as well as effective and functional fire extinguishing systems should be included.
Fire extinguishing systems are generally available in three main categories: water, gas and foam.
The system is preferred according to the characteristics of the buildings.
The Fire Protection Systems related to Fire Protection of Buildings are described in the following articles:

CHAPTER SEVEN - Part One - General Provisions General Article 90 -

Fire extinguishing systems, all buildings and buildings within the scope of this Regulation and tunnel, port, dock, subway, open land businesses in buildings such as pre-fire and fixed extinguishing installations. The requirements set out in this section are minimum requirements and do not preclude the choice of higher-quality and higher-performance installations and systems.
The extinguishing installation installed in the buildings shall be designed, installed and maintained in such a way as to prevent damage to the building, prevent panic and extinguish the fire.
Fire extinguishing systems must be capable of extinguishing any type of fire in the building and during the economic life of the building, the system should be able to perform its duty by entering the required speed automatically and / or manually.
The characteristics of the fixed fire extinguishing systems and installations to be installed, the type and quantity of the equipment to be used, their placement, the type of the building and the materials that can be found in the building will be determined by the type of fire. All equipment to be used in systems and / or systems shall be certified.
All types of fire extinguishing systems shall be designed, installed and approved in accordance with the relevant TSE standards and installation regulations.
Any system, device, equipment and operation procedure deemed necessary by this Regulation; Once established, they will be maintained on a continuous basis to ensure performance and operational continuity, unless otherwise specified in this Regulation. The maintenance work shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements specified in this Regulation and these requirements shall also be fulfilled if the relevant TSE standards and installation regulations have maintenance requirements above the requirements specified in this Regulation.
The design and implementation of the extinguishing systems to be installed in the buildings shall be subject to inspection and approval by the competent authority. Systems and devices requiring periodic testing and maintenance shall be subjected to testing and maintenance under the supervision of the building authority, in which the building owner, manager or their responsibility is transferred in writing, as specified by the competent authority.